#let accent = rgb("#22617f")
#let ember = rgb("#a85430")
#let paper = rgb("#faf8f3")

#let _row(label, frac, pct, color) = grid(
  columns: (86pt, 1fr, 36pt),
  column-gutter: 5pt,
  align(right + horizon, text(size: 10pt)[#label]),
  place(left + horizon, place(left + horizon, rect(width: 100%, height: 7pt, fill: luma(242), radius: 1.5pt)) + place(left + horizon, rect(width: frac * 100%, height: 7pt, fill: color, radius: 1.5pt))),
  align(right + horizon, text(size: 9.5pt, fill: luma(110))[#pct]),
)

#let next-token-chart() = block(width: 100%, {
  box(width: 100%, stroke: 0.8pt + accent.lighten(30%), fill: accent.lighten(94%), radius: 3pt, inset: (x: 8pt, y: 4pt), align(left, text(size: 11.5pt)[„Der Himmel über der Stadt ist …“]))
  v(5pt)
  _row("blau", 0.58, "58 %", accent)
  v(2.5pt)
  _row("bedeckt", 0.17, "17 %", accent.lighten(35%))
  v(2.5pt)
  _row("dunkel", 0.09, "9 %", accent.lighten(52%))
  v(2.5pt)
  _row("grau", 0.07, "7 %", accent.lighten(62%))
  v(2.5pt)
  _row("…", 0.09, "9 %", luma(224))
})

#let _pipebox(title, ..lines, highlight: false, dashed: false) = block(
  width: 100%,
  stroke: (
    paint: if highlight { accent } else { luma(205) },
    thickness: if highlight { 1.1pt } else { 0.6pt },
    dash: if dashed { "dashed" },
  ),
  fill: if highlight { accent.lighten(94%) } else { paper },
  radius: 3pt,
  inset: (x: 5pt, y: 6pt),
  align(center)[
    #text(size: 10pt, weight: "bold")[#title]
    #v(2pt)
    #for l in lines.pos() [ #text(size: 8.5pt, fill: luma(110))[#l] #v(1pt) ]
  ],
)

#let training-pipeline() = grid(
  columns: (1fr, 11pt, 1fr, 11pt, 1fr, 11pt, 1fr, 11pt, 1fr),
  align(horizon, _pipebox("Rohdaten", "")),
  align(horizon, text(fill: accent)[→]),
  _pipebox("Pretraining", "Nächstes Token", "Tausende GPUs", "Wochen–Monate", highlight: true),
  align(horizon, text(fill: accent)[→]),
  align(horizon, _pipebox("Basismodell", "reiner Text-", "vervollständiger", dashed: true)),
  align(horizon, text(fill: accent)[→]),
  align(horizon, _pipebox("Fine-Tuning", "SFT: Dialoge", "RLHF: Präferenzen")),
  align(horizon, text(fill: accent)[→]),
  align(horizon, _pipebox("Assistent", "Chat · API · Agents")),
)

#let _edot(x, y, c) = place(top + left, dx: x - 2.4pt, dy: y - 2.4pt, circle(radius: 2.4pt, fill: c))

#let _head(x, y, ang, color) = {
  let c = calc.cos(ang)
  let s = calc.sin(ang)
  let bx = x - 6.5pt * c
  let by = y - 6.5pt * s
  place(top + left, dx: 0pt, dy: 0pt, polygon(
    (x, y),
    (bx - 2.6pt * s, by + 2.6pt * c),
    (bx + 2.6pt * s, by - 2.6pt * c),
    fill: color,
  ))
}

#let _elabel-c(x, y, body) = place(top, dx: x - 35pt, dy: y, box(width: 70pt, align(center, text(size: 10.5pt, fill: luma(70))[#body])))

#let embedding-plot() = align(center, block(width: 330pt, height: 122pt, {
  place(top + left, dx: 56pt, dy: 16pt, line(angle: 90deg, length: 76pt, stroke: 0.7pt + luma(175)))
  place(top + left, dx: 56pt, dy: 92pt, line(angle: 0deg, length: 250pt, stroke: 0.7pt + luma(175)))
  _head(56pt, 16pt, -90deg, luma(175))
  _head(306pt, 92pt, 0deg, luma(175))
  place(top + left, dx: -6pt, dy: 46pt, rotate(-90deg, text(size: 9pt, fill: luma(140))[einfach → königlich]))
  place(top, dx: 56pt, dy: 101pt, box(width: 250pt, align(center, text(size: 9pt, fill: luma(140))[männlich → weiblich])))
  place(top, dx: 46pt, dy: -3pt, box(width: 270pt, align(center, text(size: 12pt, weight: "bold")[König − Mann + Frau ≈ Königin])))
  place(top + left, dx: 106pt, dy: 78pt, line(angle: 0deg, length: 94pt, stroke: (paint: luma(160), thickness: 0.8pt, dash: "dashed")))
  place(top + left, dx: 106pt, dy: 78pt, line(angle: -81.3deg, length: 47pt, stroke: 1.1pt + accent))
  place(top + left, dx: 206pt, dy: 78pt, line(angle: -81.3deg, length: 47pt, stroke: 1.1pt + accent))
  _head(200pt, 78pt, 0deg, luma(160))
  _head(113.2pt, 31.6pt, -81.3deg, accent)
  _head(213.2pt, 31.6pt, -81.3deg, accent)
  place(top, dx: 46pt, dy: 47pt, box(width: 58pt, align(right, text(size: 9pt, fill: accent)[König − Mann])))
  place(top, dx: 111pt, dy: 60pt, box(width: 90pt, align(center, text(size: 9pt, fill: luma(130))[Frau − Mann])))
  place(top, dx: 223pt, dy: 47pt, box(width: 82pt, align(left, text(size: 9pt, fill: accent)[≈ gleicher Vektor])))
  _edot(106pt, 78pt, luma(85))
  _edot(206pt, 78pt, luma(85))
  _edot(114pt, 26pt, accent)
  _edot(214pt, 26pt, accent)
  _elabel-c(106pt, 84pt, [Mann])
  _elabel-c(206pt, 84pt, [Frau])
  place(top, dx: 48pt, dy: 20pt, box(width: 60pt, align(right, text(size: 10.5pt, fill: luma(70))[König])))
  place(top, dx: 222pt, dy: 20pt, box(width: 66pt, align(left, text(size: 10.5pt, fill: luma(70))[Königin])))
}))

#let _tl-fx(y) = 22pt + (y - 2023.0) / 2.72 * 378pt

#let _tl-ev(yr, above, lvl, label, w: 95pt) = (
  x: _tl-fx(yr),
  dy: if above { 17pt - lvl * 17pt } else { 55pt + lvl * 17pt },
  label: label,
  w: w,
)

#let _tl-lane(events, color, title) = block(width: 100%, height: 98pt, {
  for yr in (2023, 2024, 2025) {
    place(top + left, dx: _tl-fx(yr), dy: 2pt, line(angle: 90deg, length: 94pt, stroke: 0.4pt + luma(235)))
  }
  place(horizon + left, line(length: 100%, stroke: 0.8pt + luma(205)))
  place(top + left, dx: 2pt, dy: 0pt, text(size: 10pt, weight: "bold", fill: color)[#title])
  for e in events {
    place(top + left, dx: e.x - e.w / 2, dy: e.dy, box(width: e.w, align(center, text(size: 9.5pt, fill: luma(70))[#e.label])))
  }
  for e in events {
    place(top + left, dx: e.x - 2.2pt, dy: 46.8pt, circle(radius: 2.2pt, fill: color))
  }
})

#let _tl-years() = block(width: 100%, height: 14pt, {
  for (yr, name) in ((2023, [2023]), (2024, [2024]), (2025, [2025])) {
    place(top, dx: _tl-fx(yr) - 25pt, box(width: 50pt, align(center, text(size: 8.5pt, fill: luma(140), font: "DejaVu Sans Mono")[#name])))
  }
})

#let two-llm-timeline() = block(width: 100%, {
  _tl-lane((
    _tl-ev(2023.21, true, 0, []),
    _tl-ev(2023.87, false, 0, []),
    _tl-ev(2024.21, true, 1, []),
    _tl-ev(2025.08, false, 1, []),
    _tl-ev(2025.24, true, 0, []),
    _tl-ev(2025.52, false, 0, [], w: 120pt),
  ), ember, [])
  _tl-lane((
    _tl-ev(2023.28, true, 0, []),
    _tl-ev(2023.71, false, 0, [], w: 120pt),
    _tl-ev(2024.54, true, 0, []),
    _tl-ev(2025.10, false, 0, []),
    _tl-ev(2025.71, true, 1, [], w: 66pt),
  ), accent, [])
  _tl-years()
})

#let hbar(label, value, max, fillc: accent, valstr: "") = grid(
  columns: (92pt, 1fr, 42pt),
  column-gutter: 5pt,
  align(right + horizon, text(size: 10pt)[#label]),
  place(left + horizon, place(left + horizon, rect(width: 100%, height: 7pt, fill: luma(242), radius: 1.5pt)) + place(left + horizon, rect(width: value / max * 100%, height: 7pt, fill: fillc, radius: 1.5pt))),
  align(right + horizon, text(size: 9.5pt, fill: luma(110))[#valstr]),
)